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Quiz Chapter 9: Ecosystem

10 questions · Form 5 Biology Bab 7: Ecosystem

10 questions · plays in fullscreen

Full Question List & Answer Key

Prefer reading to quizzing? All 10 questions are listed below with the answer and explanation under each one.

1. What process in the carbon cycle directly removes carbon dioxide gas from the atmosphere?

  1. Cellular respiration
  2. Combustion
  3. Photosynthesis
  4. Decomposition
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Answer: C

Photosynthesis by green plants and algae is the sole biological process that extracts CO2 directly from the air.

2. Which term describes a group of organisms of the same species living in the same habitat at the same time?

  1. Community
  2. Population
  3. Ecosystem
  4. Niche
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Answer: B

A population is defined as individuals of one species inhabiting a specific area at the same time.

3. Which assumption is CRITICAL for obtaining valid results in the Capture-Mark-Release-Recapture method?

  1. Marked animals must attract more predators
  2. The population experiences high immigration and birth rates during the study period
  3. The marking method does not restrict movement or survival of the animal
  4. Marked animals remain isolated from unmarked animals
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Answer: C

The mark must not harm the animal, change its behavior, or make it more visible to predators, ensuring random distribution.

4. An epiphytic orchid grows high on a tropical tree branch to access sunlight without taking water or nutrients from the host tree. How is this interaction classified?

  1. Parasitism
  2. Mutualism
  3. Commensalism
  4. Saprophytism
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Answer: C

Epiphytes gain physical support and light (benefit) without extracting nutrients from or harming the host tree (neutral).

5. Rafflesia sp. grows on the roots of Tetrastigma vines, absorbing water and nutrients directly from the vine's vascular tissues and causing it harm. What relationship is this?

  1. Parasitism
  2. Mutualism
  3. Commensalism
  4. Predation
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Answer: A

Rafflesia sp. is an obligate parasite (+/-) extracting nutrients from its host vine to the host's detriment.

6. Two male stags fighting aggressively for territory and mating rights in the same forest exhibit which type of interaction?

  1. Interspecific competition
  2. Intraspecific competition
  3. Predation
  4. Parasitism
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Answer: B

Intraspecific competition occurs between individuals of the same species competing for limited shared resources.

7. What type of symbiotic relationship exists between clownfish and sea anemones, where both species derive mutual protection and benefit?

  1. Commensalism
  2. Parasitism
  3. Mutualism
  4. Saprophytism
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Answer: C

In mutualism, both species gain benefits from the interaction (+/+).

8. If 10 quadrat frames of size $1 ext{ m} imes 1 ext{ m}$ contain a total count of 50 clover plants, what is the population density of clover?

  1. 5 plants per m²
  2. 0.2 plants per m²
  3. 50 plants per m²
  4. 10 plants per m²
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Answer: A

Density = Total individuals / (Total quadrats × Area of one quadrat) = 5010 × 1 m² = 5 plants/m².

9. Which organism functions as a decomposer in a forest ecosystem?

  1. Green algae
  2. Saprophytic mushroom
  3. Herbivorous caterpillar
  4. Carnivorous hawk
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Answer: B

Mushrooms (fungi) are saprophytic decomposers that secret enzymes to digest dead organic matter externally.

10. Why is approximately 90% of energy lost between adjacent trophic levels in a food chain?

  1. Energy is destroyed by soil decomposers
  2. Energy is dissipated as heat through respiration, excretion, and unconsumed parts
  3. Energy is converted entirely into carbon dioxide during photosynthesis
  4. Primary consumers absorb all energy into bone structures
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Answer: B

About 90% of energy at each trophic level is lost as heat via cellular respiration, movement, metabolic processes, and undigested waste.

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